165 research outputs found
Supporting Women Veterans: Transitioning from Military Life to University Life
Many researchers have analyzed the various adversities that women servicemembers/veterans face in the military, upon reintegration into society, and upon transition into a university setting. These researchers suggest that women veterans experience an identity crisis throughout those three stages of their military career and future plans (Baechtold & DeSawal, 2009; Heineman, 2016; Women Warriors, 2011). What the research lacks is a more in-depth analysis of the women’s experiences and a look into how prevalent identity crises are among female veterans. The present study analyzed these ideas. Student women veterans (N = 9) from three different universities in the Mid-Western United States completed hour-long interviews, which included 25 questions regarding their military, civilian, and university experiences. Results propose that women veterans experience a stronger identity crisis upon reintegration into civilian life and transition into a university setting than they do while serving in the military, suggesting that the reintegration process may be more disorienting than being in the male-dominated culture of the United States Military. Twelve themes concerning their experiences also emerged. Implications of these results and what services/resources universities should offer to women veterans are discussed
Perception of Glottalization in Varying Pitch Contexts in Mandarin Chinese
Although glottalization has often been associated with low
pitch, evidence from a number of sources supports the
assertion that this association is not obligatory, and is likely to
be language-specific. Following a previous study testing
perception of glottalization by German, English, and Swedish
listeners, the current research investigates the influence of
pitch context on the perception of glottalization by native
speakers of a tone language, Mandarin Chinese. Listeners
heard AXB sets in which they were asked to match glottalized
stimuli with pitch contours. We find that Mandarin listeners
tend not to be influenced by the pitch context when judging
the pitch of glottalized stretches of speech. These data lend
support to the idea that the perception of glottalization varies
in relation to language-specific prosodic structure.casl[1] Gordon, M. & P. Ladefoged (2001). Phonation types: a crosslinguistic
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Starting a Streaming Video Program on a Limited Budget
Streaming videos are a desirable supplement to physical DVDs, but academic libraries may feel intimidated by the cost of adding another format to their collections. However, streaming videos can be surprisingly affordable. In the midst of a budget crunch, the librarians at Western Carolina University were able to start a streaming video program, first by selecting titles à la carte, and later by launching two streaming services, Kanopy (using a demand-driven acquisitions model) and Swank (using a mediated acquisitions model). These streaming videos allow for unlimited simultaneous access by local users as well as distance-education students, and they come with performance rights that help teaching faculty prevent copyright infringement. Despite some limitations with streaming videos, the format has been well received by faculty, students, and staff
Perception of pitch in glottalizations of varying duration by German listeners
Previous studies have shown that glottalization is not
necessarily perceived as lower pitch but that pitch
perception in glottalization can be influenced by the
different size of prosodic domains relevant in the native
language of the listener. Speakers of intonation
languages were influenced by the preceding pitch
context when judging the pitch of longer creaky
voice stretches, while speakers of pitch-accent or
tone languages were not.
The current study investigates pitch perception
by German listeners in glottalized stretches of
speech whose duration varied along a 10-step continuum.
We found that the duration of the glottalized
stretches affected the categorization of the stimuli,
and that the German listeners were not influenced
by the preceding pitch context, unlike in a previous
study on longer stretches of glottalization of constant
duration. Possibly shorter stretches of glottalization
are interpreted as segmental word-boundary
phenomena rather than as intonation.casl691pub3945pu
An integrated vapor source with a porous silicon wick
A micro vapor source has been developed for calibrating micro gas chromatograph (ΜGC) systems. By utilizing a porous silicon wick in a micro diffusion system, vapor generation with excellent stability has been achieved. The source has shown uniform and repeatable vapor generation for n-decane with less than a 0.1% variation in 9 hours, and less than a 0.5% variation in rate over 7 days. The evolution rate follows the diffusion model as expected, although the room temperature rate is higher than theoretically predicted. Equipped with a refillable reservoir, this vapor source is suitable for extended ΜGC field deployment. (© 2007 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/56056/1/1449_ftp.pd
Vision in high-level football officials
YesOfficiating in football depends, at least to some extent, upon adequate visual function. However, there is no vision standard for football officiating and the nature of the relationship between officiating performance and level of vision is unknown. As a first step in characterising this relationship, we report on the clinically-measured vision and on the perceived level of vision in elite-level, Portuguese football officials. Seventy-one referees (R) and assistant referees (AR) participated in the study, representing 92% of the total population of elite level football officials in Portugal in the 2013/2014 season. Nine of the 22 Rs (40.9%) and ten of the 49 ARs (20.4%) were international-level. Information about visual history was also gathered. Perceived vision was assessed using the preference-values-assigned-to-global-visual-status (PVVS) and the Quality-of-Vision (QoV) questionnaire. Standard clinical vision measures (including visual acuity, contrast sensitivity and stereopsis) were gathered in a subset (n = 44, 62%) of the participants. Data were analysed according to the type (R/AR) and level (international/national) of official, and Bonferroni corrections were applied to reduce the risk of type I errors. Adopting criterion for statistical significance of p<0.01, PVVS scores did not differ between R and AR (p = 0.88), or between national- and international-level officials (p = 0.66). Similarly, QoV scores did not differ between R and AR in frequency (p = 0.50), severity (p = 0.71) or bothersomeness (p = 0.81) of symptoms, or between international-level vs national-level officials for frequency (p = 0.03) or bothersomeness (p = 0.07) of symptoms. However, international-level officials reported less severe symptoms than their national-level counterparts (p<0.01). Overall, 18.3% of officials had either never had an eye examination or if they had, it was more than 3 years previously. Regarding refractive correction, 4.2% had undergone refractive surgery and 23.9% wear contact lenses when officiating. Clinical vision measures in the football officials were similar to published normative values for young, adult populations and similar between R and AR. Clinically-measured vision did not differ according to officiating level. Visual acuity measured with and without a pinhole disc indicated that around one quarter of participants may be capable of better vision when officiating, as evidenced by better acuity (≥1 line of letters) using the pinhole. Amongst the clinical visual tests we used, we did not find evidence for above-average performance in elite-level football officials. Although the impact of uncorrected mild to moderate refractive error upon officiating performance is unknown, with a greater uptake of eye examinations, visual acuity may be improved in around a quarter of officials.Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) in the framework of the Strategic Funding UID/FIS/04650/2013
Expanding the genetic architecture of nicotine dependence and its shared genetics with multiple traits
Cigarette smoking is the leading cause of preventable morbidity and mortality. Genetic variation contributes to initiation, regular smoking, nicotine dependence, and cessation. We present a Fagerström Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND)-based genome-wide association study in 58,000 European or African ancestry smokers. We observe five genome-wide significant loci, including previously unreported loci MAGI2/GNAI1 (rs2714700) and TENM2 (rs1862416), and extend loci reported for other smoking traits to nicotine dependence. Using the heaviness of smoking index from UK Biobank (N = 33,791), rs2714700 is consistently associated; rs1862416 is not associated, likely reflecting nicotine dependence features not captured by the heaviness of smoking index. Both variants influence nearby gene expression (rs2714700/MAGI2-AS3 in hippocampus; rs1862416/TENM2 in lung), and expression of genes spanning nicotine dependence-associated variants is enriched in cerebellum. Nicotine dependence (SNP-based heritability = 8.6%) is genetically correlated with 18 other smoking traits (r(g) = 0.40-1.09) and co-morbidities. Our results highlight nicotine dependence-specific loci, emphasizing the FTND as a composite phenotype that expands genetic knowledge of smoking
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